Procolophonids were a group of
Anapsid reptiles (the same group of reptiles as turtles are traditionally
classified in) that lived during the Permian and
Triassic
periods. They survived until the end of the
Triassic.
Although they were not closely related to lizards, outwardly they
generally resembled stocky lizards. The key difference from lizards
is their Anapsid skulls - and a particular distinguishing feature of
Procolophonids were backward-pointing spikes found on their cheeks
(in the case of one genus, Hypsognathus,
there were many such spikes).
Earlier forms of Procolophonids generally had sharp pointed teeth, suggestive
of an insectivorous diet. However the teeth of later forms suggests a
herbivorous (plant-eating) diet.
One other interesting fact about Procolophonids is that they are (at the time
of writing) the earliest known Tetrapod to have reached the Antarctic
(during the early Triassic
period).
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