During the Paleozoic Era (542 to 248 million years ago), which is itself
divided into various periods (Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian,
Carboniferous, Permian), the first fish, and later amphibians, reptiles
and mammal-like reptiles, all appeared. At the the end of the
Paleozoic
Era, there was some terrible disaster (the "Permian mass extinction")
when many creatures became extinct.
Dinosaurs and other archosaurs (which means "ruling reptiles"),
including crocodiles and
Pterosaurs, first evolved in the Triassic period,
and were the dominant land creatures during the entire Mesozoic Era.
During the early part of Mesozoic Era,
the mammal-like reptiles
dramatically declined, apparently out competed by the
dinosaurs, however
they did give rise to the first mammals, which were mostly tiny mouse-size
creatures.
The chart below shows possible relationships between the main groups of vertebrates:
(to see how different
types of dinosaurs are related to each other,
please see
dinosaur classification).
Note: This diagram is greatly simplified, based in part on speculation, and
the depicted dates of branches/evolutionary-splits and extinctions
may not always be exactly correct.
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