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Graptolites
| Scientific Classification |
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Graptolites are an extinct group of marine animals
that lived in the seas from the Cambrian period until
the end Carboniferous period. The were extremely
successful and lived in
colonies - there were both benthic (permanently attached
to the sea-floor by a "root") and
pelagic (floating freely, or attached to seaweed) varieties.
Graptolite
are very common, particularly those which were deposited in mud rocks
and shales, as a result are often used as "index fossils"
- that is to say that rocks can be dated. Additionally,
The particular type of graptolite fossil
present in a rock can sometimes used by scientists to estimate the temperature or depth
of a region at the time of the Graptolite's lifetime.
Although Graptolite fossils
tend to be quite common, they are not always easy to see.
Even if seen, many casual observers mistake them for
fossil plants,
and even Carl Linnaeus (the Swedish botanist who was the principle founder
of modern taxonomy) regarded them as
"pictures resembling fossils rather than true fossils"
Finally, the presence of two distinct types of Grapolites in the rocks
of Europe
and North America, just like the two distinct types of
Trilobites
found in the very same rocks, has been regarded as evidence of an ancient ocean
(known as the "Iapetus Ocean") that once lay between the two continents.
The Iapetus Ocean is thought to have closed-up again when all the continents joined
together in the super-continent of Pangaea - and when a new ocean (the Atlantic Ocean), separating
Europe and North America,
did eventually appear, it did so along
a somewhat different line of separation.
Graptolites were marine colonial animals that lived from the Cambrian period to the Carboniferous periods
Related Information & Resources
See Also
Graptolite Books
Here are some books from Amazon.com:
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By Jörg Maletz
Wiley-Interscience
Released: May 8th, 2017
Paperback (336 pages)
 | List Price: $62.50*
Lowest New Price: $55.23*
In stock. Usually ships within 4 to 5 days.*
*(As of 05:29 Pacific 4 Feb 2023 More Info)
Click Here | Description:
Graptolite Paleobiology (TOPA Topics in Paleobiology)- Manufacturer: Wiley-Blackwell
- Brand: Wiley-Interscience
- ISBNs: 9781118515723, 1118515722
- EAN: 9781118515723
Details:- Paperback
- Edition: 1
- Number of Pages: 336
- Author: Jörg Maletz
- Publication Date: May 8th, 2017
- Release Date: May 8th, 2017
Physical Description:- Size: 9.598406 Inches by 7.499985 Inches by 0.700786 Inches
- Weight: 1.71078715312 Pounds
Click here for more information |
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By Rudolf Ruedemann
Ulan Press
Released: August 31st, 2012
Paperback (662 pages)
 | Lowest New Price: $34.99*
In Stock.*
*(As of 05:29 Pacific 4 Feb 2023 More Info)
Click Here | Description:
Graptolites of New YorkDetails:- Paperback
- Number of Pages: 662
- Author: Rudolf Ruedemann
- Publication Date: August 31st, 2012
- Release Date: August 31st, 2012
Physical Description:- Size: 10.0 Inches by 7.5 Inches by 1.5 Inches
Click here for more information |
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By Joachim Barrande
Kessinger Publishing
Released: September 10th, 2010
Paperback (92 pages)
 | Lowest New Price: $15.16*
Available to ship in 1-2 days.*
*(As of 05:29 Pacific 4 Feb 2023 More Info)
Click Here | Description:
Graptolites De Boheme (1850) (French Edition)- Manufacturer: Kessinger Publishing, LLC
- Brand: Kessinger Publishing
- ISBN: 1168343194
- EAN: 9781168343192
Details:- Paperback
- Number of Pages: 92
- Author: Joachim Barrande
- Publication Date: September 10th, 2010
- Release Date: September 10th, 2010
Physical Description:- Size: 9.01573 Inches by 5.98424 Inches by 0.1905508 Inches
- Weight: 0.3 Pounds
Click here for more information |
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By Rudolf Ruedemann
Ulan Press
Released: August 31st, 2012
Paperback (396 pages)
 | Lowest New Price: $27.99*
In Stock.*
*(As of 05:29 Pacific 4 Feb 2023 More Info)
Click Here | Description:
Graptolites of New York Volume 1Details:- Paperback
- Number of Pages: 396
- Author: Rudolf Ruedemann
- Publication Date: August 31st, 2012
- Release Date: August 31st, 2012
Physical Description:- Size: 10.0 Inches by 7.5 Inches by 0.9 Inches
Click here for more information |
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Elsevier
Released: December 14th, 2016
Hardcover (370 pages)
 | List Price: $200.00*
Lowest New Price: $139.80*
In stock. Usually ships within 3 to 4 days.*
*(As of 05:29 Pacific 4 Feb 2023 More Info)
Click Here | Description:
Darriwilian to Katian (Ordovician) Graptolites from Northwest China- Manufacturer: Elsevier
- Brand: Elsevier
- ISBN: 012800973X
- EAN: 9780128009734
- PartNumber: 9780128009734
Details:- Hardcover
- Format: Illustrated
- Edition: 1
- Number of Pages: 370
- Publication Date: December 14th, 2016
- Release Date: December 14th, 2016
Physical Description:- Size: 10.9 Inches by 8.7 Inches by 1.1 Inches
- Weight: 2.6896395964 Pounds
Click here for more information |
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